[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":658},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-page:\u002Fdocs\u002Fruntime-libraries":3},{"doc":4,"prev":624,"next":9,"resolvedType":8,"readingMinutes":126,"audience":632,"checklist":636,"related":640},{"path":5,"title":6,"description":7,"docType":8,"resourceKind":9,"categoryId":10,"categoryLabel":11,"updatedAt":12,"publishedAt":12,"icon":13,"body":14},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fruntime-libraries","Windows 常用运行库合集","VC++ Redistributable、.NET、Java、DirectX、WebView2 等运行库安装指南","article",null,"programming-languages","编程语言","2025-08-19","i-carbon-application",{"type":15,"value":16,"toc":605},"minimark",[17,21,25,28,32,81,85,88,136,139,172,175,179,184,220,224,227,230,234,298,304,307,311,314,326,330,333,342,345,348,365,368,371,513,516,520,538,541,544,547,550,553,601],[18,19,6],"h1",{"id":20},"windows-常用运行库合集",[22,23,24],"p",{},"很多软件依赖特定的运行库才能正常运行，以下是 Windows 上最常用的运行库及安装方式。",[22,26,27],{},"如果你经常遇到“程序打不开”“缺少 DLL”“启动后闪退”“需要先安装某个 Runtime”的提示，这页可以当成排查清单来用。",[29,30,31],"h2",{"id":31},"先怎么判断缺什么",[33,34,35,54,63,69,75],"ul",{},[36,37,38,53],"li",{},[39,40,41,42,46,47,46,50],"strong",{},"报错提到 ",[43,44,45],"code",{},"MSVCP"," \u002F ",[43,48,49],{},"VCRUNTIME",[43,51,52],{},"api-ms-win-crt","：优先检查 VC++ 运行库",[36,55,56,62],{},[39,57,41,58,61],{},[43,59,60],{},".NET"," 或要求 Desktop Runtime","：优先检查 .NET 版本",[36,64,65,68],{},[39,66,67],{},"Java 程序打不开或提示找不到 JVM","：检查 JRE \u002F JDK",[36,70,71,74],{},[39,72,73],{},"基于 Chromium 的桌面应用白屏","：检查 WebView2 Runtime",[36,76,77,80],{},[39,78,79],{},"老游戏或旧软件报 DirectX 组件缺失","：补装旧版 DirectX 运行时",[29,82,84],{"id":83},"visual-c-redistributable","Visual C++ Redistributable",[22,86,87],{},"几乎所有 C\u002FC++ 编写的 Windows 软件都需要。",[89,90,95],"pre",{"className":91,"code":92,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"language-powershell shiki shiki-themes github-light github-dark","# 安装最新版（x64 + x86）\nwinget install Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x64\nwinget install Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x86\n","powershell","",[43,96,97,106,124],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,99,102],"span",{"class":100,"line":101},"line",1,[98,103,105],{"class":104},"sJ8bj","# 安装最新版（x64 + x86）\n",[98,107,109,113,117,121],{"class":100,"line":108},2,[98,110,112],{"class":111},"sVt8B","winget install Microsoft.VCRedist.",[98,114,116],{"class":115},"sj4cs","2015",[98,118,120],{"class":119},"szBVR","+",[98,122,123],{"class":111},".x64\n",[98,125,127,129,131,133],{"class":100,"line":126},3,[98,128,112],{"class":111},[98,130,116],{"class":115},[98,132,120],{"class":119},[98,134,135],{"class":111},".x86\n",[22,137,138],{},"旧版本（如有需要）：",[89,140,142],{"className":91,"code":141,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"winget install Microsoft.VCRedist.2013.x64\nwinget install Microsoft.VCRedist.2012.x64\nwinget install Microsoft.VCRedist.2010.x64\n",[43,143,144,154,163],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,145,146,148,151],{"class":100,"line":101},[98,147,112],{"class":111},[98,149,150],{"class":115},"2013.",[98,152,153],{"class":111},"x64\n",[98,155,156,158,161],{"class":100,"line":108},[98,157,112],{"class":111},[98,159,160],{"class":115},"2012.",[98,162,153],{"class":111},[98,164,165,167,170],{"class":100,"line":126},[98,166,112],{"class":111},[98,168,169],{"class":115},"2010.",[98,171,153],{"class":111},[22,173,174],{},"大多数现代软件只需要 2015-2022 合集；只有老软件或老游戏才会额外依赖 2010 \u002F 2012 \u002F 2013。",[29,176,178],{"id":177},"net-runtime",".NET Runtime",[180,181,183],"h3",{"id":182},"net-8lts推荐",".NET 8（LTS，推荐）",[89,185,187],{"className":91,"code":186,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"winget install Microsoft.DotNet.DesktopRuntime.8   # 桌面应用\nwinget install Microsoft.DotNet.AspNetCore.8        # Web 开发\nwinget install Microsoft.DotNet.SDK.8               # SDK（开发用）\n",[43,188,189,200,210],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,190,191,194,197],{"class":100,"line":101},[98,192,193],{"class":111},"winget install Microsoft.DotNet.DesktopRuntime.",[98,195,196],{"class":115},"8",[98,198,199],{"class":104},"   # 桌面应用\n",[98,201,202,205,207],{"class":100,"line":108},[98,203,204],{"class":111},"winget install Microsoft.DotNet.AspNetCore.",[98,206,196],{"class":115},[98,208,209],{"class":104},"        # Web 开发\n",[98,211,212,215,217],{"class":100,"line":126},[98,213,214],{"class":111},"winget install Microsoft.DotNet.SDK.",[98,216,196],{"class":115},[98,218,219],{"class":104},"               # SDK（开发用）\n",[180,221,223],{"id":222},"net-framework",".NET Framework",[22,225,226],{},"Windows 10\u002F11 自带 .NET Framework 4.8，通常无需额外安装。",[22,228,229],{},"如果某些老程序明确要求 3.5，可以通过“启用或关闭 Windows 功能”补装，而不是盲目下载第三方安装包。",[29,231,233],{"id":232},"java-runtime-jrejdk","Java Runtime (JRE\u002FJDK)",[89,235,237],{"className":91,"code":236,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"# Eclipse Temurin（推荐，开源免费）\nwinget install EclipseAdoptium.Temurin.21.JDK\n\n# 仅运行时\nwinget install EclipseAdoptium.Temurin.21.JRE\n\n# Amazon Corretto\nwinget install Amazon.Corretto.21.JDK\n",[43,238,239,244,255,261,267,277,282,288],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,240,241],{"class":100,"line":101},[98,242,243],{"class":104},"# Eclipse Temurin（推荐，开源免费）\n",[98,245,246,249,252],{"class":100,"line":108},[98,247,248],{"class":111},"winget install EclipseAdoptium.Temurin.",[98,250,251],{"class":115},"21.",[98,253,254],{"class":111},"JDK\n",[98,256,257],{"class":100,"line":126},[98,258,260],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":259},true,"\n",[98,262,264],{"class":100,"line":263},4,[98,265,266],{"class":104},"# 仅运行时\n",[98,268,270,272,274],{"class":100,"line":269},5,[98,271,248],{"class":111},[98,273,251],{"class":115},[98,275,276],{"class":111},"JRE\n",[98,278,280],{"class":100,"line":279},6,[98,281,260],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":259},[98,283,285],{"class":100,"line":284},7,[98,286,287],{"class":104},"# Amazon Corretto\n",[98,289,291,294,296],{"class":100,"line":290},8,[98,292,293],{"class":111},"winget install Amazon.Corretto.",[98,295,251],{"class":115},[98,297,254],{"class":111},[22,299,300,301],{},"验证：",[43,302,303],{},"java --version",[22,305,306],{},"如果你只是运行某个 Java 程序，JRE 通常够用；如果要编译、构建、跑 Gradle \u002F Maven，建议直接装 JDK。",[29,308,310],{"id":309},"directx","DirectX",[22,312,313],{},"Windows 10\u002F11 自带 DirectX 12。旧游戏报错时安装 DirectX End-User Runtime：",[33,315,316],{},[36,317,318,319],{},"下载：",[320,321,325],"a",{"href":322,"rel":323},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.microsoft.com\u002Fen-us\u002Fdownload\u002Fdetails.aspx?id=35",[324],"nofollow","微软官网",[29,327,329],{"id":328},"webview2-runtime","WebView2 Runtime",[22,331,332],{},"基于 Chromium 的嵌入式浏览器组件，很多现代桌面应用依赖（Teams、Tauri 应用等）。",[89,334,336],{"className":91,"code":335,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"winget install Microsoft.EdgeWebView2Runtime\n",[43,337,338],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,339,340],{"class":100,"line":101},[98,341,335],{"class":111},[22,343,344],{},"Windows 11 通常已预装。",[29,346,347],{"id":347},"推荐安装顺序",[349,350,351,354,356,359,362],"ol",{},[36,352,353],{},"VC++ 2015-2022 x64 + x86",[36,355,329],{},[36,357,358],{},".NET Desktop Runtime \u002F ASP.NET Core Runtime",[36,360,361],{},"Java JRE \u002F JDK",[36,363,364],{},"老版本 VC++、DirectX（仅在报错明确指向时再补）",[22,366,367],{},"这样做可以先覆盖绝大多数桌面软件和开发工具依赖，再按报错补缺口。",[29,369,370],{"id":370},"一键安装脚本",[89,372,374],{"className":91,"code":373,"language":93,"meta":94,"style":94},"$packages = @(\n    \"Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x64\",\n    \"Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x86\",\n    \"Microsoft.DotNet.DesktopRuntime.8\",\n    \"Microsoft.EdgeWebView2Runtime\",\n    \"EclipseAdoptium.Temurin.21.JRE\"\n)\n\nforeach ($pkg in $packages) {\n    Write-Host \"Installing $pkg...\" -ForegroundColor Cyan\n    winget install $pkg --accept-package-agreements --accept-source-agreements\n}\n",[43,375,376,390,399,406,413,420,425,430,434,449,470,507],{"__ignoreMap":94},[98,377,378,381,384,387],{"class":100,"line":101},[98,379,380],{"class":111},"$packages ",[98,382,383],{"class":119},"=",[98,385,386],{"class":119}," @",[98,388,389],{"class":111},"(\n",[98,391,392,396],{"class":100,"line":108},[98,393,395],{"class":394},"sZZnC","    \"Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x64\"",[98,397,398],{"class":119},",\n",[98,400,401,404],{"class":100,"line":126},[98,402,403],{"class":394},"    \"Microsoft.VCRedist.2015+.x86\"",[98,405,398],{"class":119},[98,407,408,411],{"class":100,"line":263},[98,409,410],{"class":394},"    \"Microsoft.DotNet.DesktopRuntime.8\"",[98,412,398],{"class":119},[98,414,415,418],{"class":100,"line":269},[98,416,417],{"class":394},"    \"Microsoft.EdgeWebView2Runtime\"",[98,419,398],{"class":119},[98,421,422],{"class":100,"line":279},[98,423,424],{"class":394},"    \"EclipseAdoptium.Temurin.21.JRE\"\n",[98,426,427],{"class":100,"line":284},[98,428,429],{"class":111},")\n",[98,431,432],{"class":100,"line":290},[98,433,260],{"emptyLinePlaceholder":259},[98,435,437,440,443,446],{"class":100,"line":436},9,[98,438,439],{"class":119},"foreach",[98,441,442],{"class":111}," ($pkg ",[98,444,445],{"class":119},"in",[98,447,448],{"class":111}," $packages) {\n",[98,450,452,455,458,461,464,467],{"class":100,"line":451},10,[98,453,454],{"class":115},"    Write-Host",[98,456,457],{"class":394}," \"Installing ",[98,459,460],{"class":111},"$pkg",[98,462,463],{"class":394},"...\"",[98,465,466],{"class":119}," -",[98,468,469],{"class":111},"ForegroundColor Cyan\n",[98,471,473,476,479,482,485,488,490,493,495,497,499,502,504],{"class":100,"line":472},11,[98,474,475],{"class":111},"    winget install $pkg ",[98,477,478],{"class":119},"--",[98,480,481],{"class":111},"accept",[98,483,484],{"class":119},"-",[98,486,487],{"class":111},"package",[98,489,484],{"class":119},[98,491,492],{"class":111},"agreements ",[98,494,478],{"class":119},[98,496,481],{"class":111},[98,498,484],{"class":119},[98,500,501],{"class":111},"source",[98,503,484],{"class":119},[98,505,506],{"class":111},"agreements\n",[98,508,510],{"class":100,"line":509},12,[98,511,512],{"class":111},"}\n",[29,514,515],{"id":515},"常见问题",[180,517,519],{"id":518},"已经装了运行库软件还是打不开","已经装了运行库，软件还是打不开",[33,521,522,532,535],{},[36,523,524,525,528,529],{},"先确认软件本身是 ",[43,526,527],{},"x64"," 还是 ",[43,530,531],{},"x86",[36,533,534],{},"检查是否缺的是更旧版本的 VC++ 或特定 .NET 版本",[36,536,537],{},"有些便携版软件会依赖额外组件，单纯补运行库并不能解决全部问题",[180,539,540],{"id":540},"开发机和普通使用机要不要一样装",[22,542,543],{},"不一定。开发机通常还要补 SDK、编译器和调试工具；普通使用机大多只需要 Runtime。",[180,545,546],{"id":546},"能不能把所有旧版运行库一次性全装上",[22,548,549],{},"可以，但没有必要。更好的做法是先装高频基础组件，再根据报错补安装，减少冗余和维护成本。",[29,551,552],{"id":552},"参考链接",[33,554,555,562,570,578,586,594],{},[36,556,557,561],{},[320,558,84],{"href":559,"rel":560},"https:\u002F\u002Flearn.microsoft.com\u002Fen-us\u002Fcpp\u002Fwindows\u002Flatest-supported-vc-redist",[324]," — 微软官方下载",[36,563,564,569],{},[320,565,568],{"href":566,"rel":567},"https:\u002F\u002Fdotnet.microsoft.com\u002Fdownload",[324],".NET 下载"," — 官网",[36,571,572,577],{},[320,573,576],{"href":574,"rel":575},"https:\u002F\u002Fadoptium.net\u002F",[324],"Eclipse Temurin"," — OpenJDK 发行版",[36,579,580,585],{},[320,581,584],{"href":582,"rel":583},"https:\u002F\u002Faws.amazon.com\u002Fcorretto\u002F",[324],"Amazon Corretto"," — AWS OpenJDK",[36,587,588,593],{},[320,589,592],{"href":590,"rel":591},"https:\u002F\u002Fdeveloper.microsoft.com\u002Fen-us\u002Fmicrosoft-edge\u002Fwebview2\u002F",[324],"WebView2"," — 开发者文档",[36,595,596,600],{},[320,597,599],{"href":598},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fdev-environment","Windows 开发环境搭建"," — 如果你需要的是完整开发机，而不仅是运行环境",[602,603,604],"style",{},"html pre.shiki code .sJ8bj, html code.shiki .sJ8bj{--shiki-default:#6A737D;--shiki-dark:#6A737D}html pre.shiki code .sVt8B, html code.shiki .sVt8B{--shiki-default:#24292E;--shiki-dark:#E1E4E8}html pre.shiki code .sj4cs, html code.shiki .sj4cs{--shiki-default:#005CC5;--shiki-dark:#79B8FF}html pre.shiki code .szBVR, html code.shiki .szBVR{--shiki-default:#D73A49;--shiki-dark:#F97583}html .default .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: var(--shiki-default-text-decoration);}html .shiki span {color: var(--shiki-default);background: var(--shiki-default-bg);font-style: var(--shiki-default-font-style);font-weight: var(--shiki-default-font-weight);text-decoration: 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系统","2025-08-22","i-mdi-microsoft-windows",[633,634,635],"希望把零散经验整理成长期可复用工作流的人","想先建立认知，再决定是否深入实践的人","希望阅读时顺手建立自己的操作清单或收藏体系的人",[637,638,639],"先浏览标题、摘要和目录，带着问题阅读会更高效","顺手记录真正对你有用的命令、链接和注意事项，避免重复搜索","如果页面里提到相关文档，尽量一起打开对照，效果通常更完整",[641,646,650,654],{"path":642,"title":643,"description":644,"docType":8,"resourceKind":9,"categoryId":10,"categoryLabel":11,"updatedAt":645,"publishedAt":645,"icon":13},"\u002Fdocs\u002Ftesting-guide","前端测试指南","Vitest 单元测试、Playwright E2E 测试、测试策略与最佳实践","2026-02-28",{"path":647,"title":648,"description":649,"docType":8,"resourceKind":9,"categoryId":10,"categoryLabel":11,"updatedAt":645,"publishedAt":645,"icon":13},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fbun-deno","Bun 与 Deno 运行时","Bun 和 Deno 的安装使用、与 Node.js 对比、包管理与实用命令",{"path":651,"title":652,"description":653,"docType":8,"resourceKind":9,"categoryId":10,"categoryLabel":11,"updatedAt":645,"publishedAt":645,"icon":13},"\u002Fdocs\u002Fcss-tricks","CSS 实用技巧","现代 CSS 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